MC1R

这个无内含子的基因编码黑素细胞刺激素（msh）的受体蛋白。编码的蛋白质，一种七通道跨膜G蛋白偶联受体，控制黑素生成。黑色素有两种：红色的黑色素和黑色的黑色素。导致功能丧失的基因突变与导致皮肤和头发颜色变浅的苯丙氨酸生成增加有关。真伊兰素具有光防护作用，但苯丙氨酸可能通过在紫外线照射下产生自由基而导致紫外线诱导的皮肤损伤。msh与其受体结合激活受体，刺激真黑素合成。这种受体是太阳敏感的主要决定因素，是黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的遗传危险因素。已鉴定出30多个与皮肤和头发颜色相关的变异等位基因，证明该基因是人类色素正常变异的重要组成部分。[由RefSeq提供，2008年7月]
This intronless gene encodes the receptor protein for melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH). The encoded protein, a seven pass transmembrane G protein coupled receptor, controls melanogenesis. Two types of melanin exist: red pheomelanin and black eumelanin. Gene mutations that lead to a loss in function are associated with increased pheomelanin production, which leads to lighter skin and hair color. Eumelanin is photoprotective but pheomelanin may contribute to UV-induced skin damage by generating free radicals upon UV radiation. Binding of MSH to its receptor activates the receptor and stimulates eumelanin synthesis. This receptor is a major determining factor in sun sensitivity and is a genetic risk factor for melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. Over 30 variant alleles have been identified which correlate with skin and hair color, providing evidence that this gene is an important component in determining normal human pigment variation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]