PRKAA2

该基因编码的蛋白质是AMP活化蛋白激酶（AMPK）的催化亚单位。AMPK是一种由α催化亚单位和非催化β和γ亚单位组成的异源三聚体。AMPK是一种重要的能量传感酶，可以监测细胞的能量状态。针对细胞代谢应激，AMPK被激活，从而磷酸化和灭活乙酰辅酶A羧化酶（ACC）和β-羟基β-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶（HMGCR），这是参与调节脂肪酸和胆固醇从头合成的关键酶。对小鼠的研究表明，这种催化亚单位可能控制全身胰岛素敏感性，并在缺血期间维持心肌能量稳态是必要的。
The protein encoded by this gene is a catalytic subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is a heterotrimer consisting of an alpha catalytic subunit, and non-catalytic beta and gamma subunits. AMPK is an important energy-sensing enzyme that monitors cellular energy status. In response to cellular metabolic stresses, AMPK is activated, and thus phosphorylates and inactivates acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and beta-hydroxy beta-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), key enzymes involved in regulating de novo biosynthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol. Studies of the mouse counterpart suggest that this catalytic subunit may control whole-body insulin sensitivity and is necessary for maintaining myocardial energy homeostasis during ischemia.